瓦斯科达伽马队-瓦斯科达伽马vs科林
巴西联赛都有哪些球队？
巴西足球甲级联赛是巴西最高等级职业足球联赛。目前巴甲因俱乐部战绩出色而在国际足联官方全球联赛排名位居世界第二大联赛，巴甲由巴西足球协会所举办。
参赛数量
1998赛季24支。
1999赛季21支。
2000赛季25支。
2001赛季28支。
2002赛季26支。
2003赛季24支。
2004赛季24支。
2005赛季22支。
2006年以来每赛季固定为20支。
巴甲参赛球队
1、科林蒂安
2、瓦斯科·达伽马
3、弗卢米嫩塞
4、弗拉门戈
5、科里蒂巴
6、国际队
7、费古埃伦斯
8、圣保罗
9、博塔弗戈
10、桑托斯
11、帕尔梅拉斯
12、格雷米奥
13、戈亚尼恩斯竞技
14、米内罗竞技
15、巴伊亚
16、克鲁塞罗
17、塞阿拉
18、帕拉纳竞技
19、美洲米内罗
20、阿瓦伊
达伽马船队备足几年的给养
达伽马船队备足3年的给养。瓦斯科达伽马出生于葡萄牙锡尼什，维迪格拉伯爵一代，葡萄牙航海家、探险家。达伽马是开拓了从欧洲绕过好望角通往印度的地理大发现家，促进了欧亚贸易的发展。达伽马的船队备足3年的给养，以及一些准备用于贸易交换的各种物品，如铜料、珊瑚、水银、毛织品、念珠、小铃、镶银武器、衣服、帽子、布料、盆子等进行航行。
请高手给出 航海家 瓦斯科达伽马 的详细英文资料
分类: 教育/科学 >> 外语学习
问题描述:
如题 急求 非常感谢!!
解析:
Vasco da Gama
Vasco da GamaVasco da Gama ,born c. 1469 at Sines or Vidigueira, Alentejo, Portugal; died December 24, 1524 in Kochi, India) was a Portuguese explorer, one of the most successful in the European Age of Discovery, and the first person to sail directly from Europe to India.
Commissioned by King Manuel I of Portugal to find Christian lands in the East (the King, like many Europeans, was under the impression that India was the legendary Christian Kingdom of Prester John), and to gain Portuguese access to the mercial markets of the Orient, da Gama extended the sea route exploration of his predecessor Bartolomeu Dias, who had first rounded Africa's Cape of Good Hope in 1488, culminating a generation of Portuguese sea exploration fostered by the nautical school of Henry the Navigator.
Da Gama's voyage was successful in establishing a sea route from Europe to India that would permit trade with the Far East, without the use of the costly and unsafe Silk Road caravan routes, of the Middle East and Central Asia. However, the voyage was also hampered by its failure to bring any trade goods of interest to the nations of Asia Minor and India. The route was fraught with peril: only 54 of his 170 voyagers, and o of four ships, returned to Portugal in 1499. Nevertheless, da Gama's initial journey led directly to a several-hundred year era of European domination through sea power and merce, and 450 years of Portuguese coloniali *** in India that brought wealth and power to the Portuguese throne.
First voyage
On 18 July1497 the fleet, consisting of four ships, left Li *** on. Its ships were:
The S?o Gabriel, manded by Vasco da Gama; a carrack of 178 tons, length 27m , width 8.5 m, draft 2.3 m, sails of 372 m?, 150 crew
The S?o Rafael, whose mander was his brother Paulo da Gama; similar dimensions to the S?o Gabriel
The caravel Berrio, slightly *** aller than the former o (later re-baptized S?o Miguel), manded by Nicolau Coelho.
A storage ship of unknown name, manded by Gon?alo Nunes, later lost near the Bay of S?o Brás, along the east coast of Africa.
Rounding the Cape
By December 16, the fleet had passed the White River, South Africa where Dias had turned back, and continued on into waters unknown to Europeans. With Christmas pending, they gave the coast they were passing the name Natal (Christmas in Portuguese),
Mozambique
By January, they had reached modern-day Mozambique, Arab-controlled territory on the East African coast that was part of the Indian Ocean's neork of trade. Fearing the local population would be hostile to Christians, da Gama impersonated a Muslim and gained audience with the Sultan of Mozambique. With the paltry trade goods he had to offer, da Gama was unable to provide a suitable gift to the ruler, and soon the local populace began to see through the subterfuge of da Gama and his men. Forced to quit Mozambique by a hostile crowd, da Gama departed the harbor, firing his cannon into the city in retaliation [1].
Mombasa
In the vicinity of modern Kenya, the expedition resorted to piracy, looting Arab merchant ships - generally unarmed trading vessels without heavy cannon. The Portuguese became the first known Europeans to visit the port of Mombasa, but were met with hostility, and soon departed.
Malindi
Da Gama continued north, landing at the friendlier port of Malindi, whose leaders were in conflict with those of Mombasa; and there the expedition first noted evidence of Indian traders. They contracted the services of Ibn Majid, an Arab navigator and cartographer, whose knowledge of the monsoon winds allowed him to bring the expedition the rest of the way to Calicut (modern Kozhikode) on the southwest coast of India.
India
They arrived in India on 20 May, 1498. Sometimes violent negotiations with the local ruler (usually anglicized as Zamorin), the Wyatt Enourato ensued, in the teeth of resistance from Arab merchants. Eventually da Gama was able to gain an ambiguous letter of concession for trading rights, but had to sail off without warning after the Zamorin insisted da Gama leave all his goods as collateral. Da Gama kept his goods, but left a few Portuguese with orders to start a trading post.
Return
Vasco da Gama lands at Calicut, May 20, 1498Paulo da Gama died in the Azores on the homeward voyage, but on Vasco da Gama's return to Portugal in September 1499, he was richly rewarded as the man who had brought to fruition a plan that had taken eighty years. He was given the title "Admiral of the Indian Ocean", and the feudal rights over Sines were confirmed. He also was awarded the title Dom (count) by Manuel I.
Da Gama's voyage had made it clear that the farther (East) coast of Africa, the Contra Costa, was essential to Portuguese interests: its ports provided fresh water and provisions, timber and harbors for repairs, and a region to wait out unfavorable seasons. Also the spice modity would prove to be a major contribution to the Portuguese economy.
Second voyage
On 12 February 1502, da Gama again sailed with a fleet of enty warships, to enforce Portuguese interests. Pedro ?lvares Cabral had been sent to India o years earlier (when he accidentally discovered Brazil, though some claim it was intentional), and finding that those at the trading post had been murdered, and encountering further resistance, he had bombarded Calicut. He also brought back silk and gold to prove he had been to India once again.
At one point, da Gama waited for a ship to return from Mecca, and seized all the merchandise; they then locked the 380 passengers in the hold and set the ship on fire. It took four days for the ship to sink, killing all men, women, and children[2].
Da Gama assaulted and exacted tribute from the Arab-controlled port of Kilwa in East Africa, one of those ports involved in frustrating the Portuguese; he played privateer amongst Arab merchant ships, then finally *** ashed a Calicut fleet of enty-nine ships, and essentially conquered that port city[citation needed]. In return for peace, he received valuable trade concessions and a vast quantity of plunder, putting him in extremely good favor with the Portuguese crown.
On his return to Portugal, he was made Count of Vidigueira out of lands previously belonging to the future royal Bragan?a family. He was also awarded feudal rights and jurisdiction over Vidigueira and Vila dos Frades.
Third voyage
Having acquired a fearsome reputation as a "fixer" of problems that arose in India, he was sent to the subcontinent once more in 1524. The intention was that he was to replace the inpetent Eduardo de Menezes as viceroy (representative) of the Portuguese possessions, but he contracted malaria not long after arriving in at Goa and died in the city of Cochin on Christmas Eve in 1524. His body was first buried at St. Francis Church, Fort Kochi, Kochi, then later his remains were returned to Portugal in 1539 and re-interred in Vidigueira in a splendid tomb. The Monastery of the Hieronymites in Belém was erected in honor of his voyage to India. Religious intoleranceVasco da Gama initiated the religious persecution ,which his successors carried on till the very end of Coloniali *** . He brought monks along with him in his journeys to preach. He showed extreme cruelty to the Muslims and the Hindu inhabitants of the land.He did not spare even the native christians .
Da Gama and his wife, Catarina de Ataíde, had six sons and one daughter: Francisco da Gama, Conde da Vidigueira; Estev?o da Gama; Paulo da Gama; Cristov?o da Gama; Pedro da Silva da Gama; Alvaro de Athaide; and Isabel de Athaide da Gama.
As much as anyone after Henry the Navigator, da Gama was responsible for Portugal's success as an early colonizing power. Besides the first voyage itself, it was his astute mix of politics and war on the other side of the world that placed Portugal in a prominent position in Indian Ocean trade. The Portuguese national epic, the Lusíadas of Luís Vaz de Cam?es largely concerns Vasco da Gama's voyages.
Following da Gama's initial voyage, the Portuguese crown realized that securing outposts on the eastern coast of Africa would prove vital to maintaining their trade routes to the Far East.
The port city of Vasco da Gama in Goa is named for him, as is the Vasco da Gama crater, a big crater on the Moon. There are three football clubs in Brazil (including Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama) and Vasco Sports Club in Goa that were also named after him. A church in Kochi, Kerala Vasco da Gama Church, a private residence on the island of Saint Helena and Vasco da Gama Bridge are also named after him.
瓦斯科达伽马足球俱乐部的球队阵容
球衣号 球员 英文名 位置 生日 国籍 身高(cm) 体重(kg) 1 费尔南多 Fernando 门将 1978-07-09 巴西 191 89 2 费尔特里 Thiago Feltri 前卫 1985-05-18 巴西 174 64 3 法布里西奥 Fabricio Carioca 中后卫 1990-02-20 巴西 186 84 6 菲利佩 Felipe 左前卫 1977-09-02 巴西 175 69 7 路易斯 Eder Luis 前锋 1985-04-19 巴西 169 69 8 小儒尼尼奥 Juninho Pernambucano 前腰 1975-01-30 巴西 179 74 9 亚历桑德罗 Alecsandro 前锋 1981-02-04 巴西 175 74 10 迭戈 Diego Souza 后腰 1985-06-17 巴西 186 89 11 特诺里奥 Carlos Tenorio 前锋 1979-05-14 厄瓜多尔 182 79 16 道格拉斯 Douglas 后卫 1990-04-04 巴西 190 84 19 尼尔顿 Nilton 后腰 1987-04-21 巴西 184 83 21 巴西 Fellipe Bastos 中前卫 1990-02-01 巴西 179 78 22 基姆 Kim 前锋 1980-06-22 巴西 180 70 25 席尔瓦 Diogo Silva 门将 1986-08-07 巴西 191 26 德德 Dede 后卫 1988-07-01 巴西 192 88 27 罗萨 Diego Rosa 中前卫 1989-03-22 巴西 179 69 33 雷纳托 Renato 中后卫 1983-07-26 巴西 180 73 35 阿兰 Allan 后腰 1991-01-08 巴西 173 73 38 阿韦莱拉斯 Matias Abelairas 左前卫 1985-06-18 阿根廷 170 69 43 马克斯 Max 前卫 1990-04-28 巴西 174 67 44 威廉 William 前锋 1992-10-22 巴西 175 84 阿尔贝托 Carlos Alberto 前锋 1984-12-11 巴西 175 71 皮皮科 Pipico 前卫 1985-03-07 巴西 172 72